What type of x-ray is commonly used to view the entire tooth structure, including roots?

The choice of a periapical x-ray is appropriate because it specifically captures the entire tooth structure, including both the root and the crown. This type of radiograph provides detailed imagery of the tooth and the surrounding bone, which is critical for diagnosing various dental issues such as infections, pulp problems, or bone loss at the tooth's root. Periapical x-rays typically focus on one or two specific teeth, offering a comprehensive view that is essential for assessing tooth health from the root up to the visible portion above the gum line.

In contrast, panoramic x-rays provide a broad view of the entire mouth area, but they do not focus on the detail of individual teeth as effectively as periapical films. Bitewing x-rays primarily show the crowns of the upper and lower teeth, facilitating the detection of interproximal caries but not extending into the roots. Lastly, occlusal x-rays are utilized to view larger areas of the dental arch and surrounding structures, making them less useful for evaluating the entire tooth structure in detail.